Prototype Inheritance

Example 1:

function Person(name, rank) {
    this.name = name;
    this.rank = rank; 
}

//Replacing the function prototype of this constructor function, with an object that has all the methods I want that object to have
Person.prototype = {
    sayName: function(){
        console.log("Hello" + this.name);
        }, 
    firePerson: function(person) {
        return false; 
    }
};

var nelson = new Person("Nelson", 1); 
var joe = new Person("Joe", 3); 

console.log(nelson.firePerson(joe)); -> Returns false 

//We need the manager to inherits from the Person 
function Manager(name, rank) {
    this.name = name; 
    this.rank = rank; 
}

//Totally wrong way to do would be: 
Manager.prototype = Person.prototype; //A bit closer, but it is bad!!

//Potential Solution, bit closer, but firePerson method still return false, not overridden: 
function Manager(name, rank) {
    Person.call(this, name, rank); 
}

//We could do this to get the firePerson method to work, but still wrong! 
function Manager(name, rank) {
    Person.call(this, name, rank); 
    this.firePerson : function(person) {//Its making a copy of this function everytime, we want the firePerson function to be on the Prototype
        return rank > person.rank; 
    }
}

//We want the firePerson function to be on the Prototype of the Manager
//Still have a problem, normal people can still fire people!
Manager.prototype = Person.prototype;
Manager.prototype.firePerson = function(person) {
    return this.rank > person.rank; //If we do joe.firePerson(nelson) -> Will return true 
                                    //It is because we are redefined the firePerson function on the actual Person prototype. 
                                    //We did Manager.prototype = Person.prototype; 
                                    //If we make any change in the Manger.prototype we are also changing the Person.prototype 
}

----Solution---
//We need to make a copy of the Person.prototye: 
//Couple of ways:
1. Manager.prototype = {__proto__: Person.prototype};
2. Manager.prototype = Object.create(Person.prototype); //Proper way cross platform 

var steve = new Manager("Steve", 10); 
console.log(nelson.firePerson(joe)); -> Returns true